{"id":991027,"date":"2026-09-03T01:56:10","date_gmt":"2026-09-03T01:56:10","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/crei.vnua.edu.vn\/?p=991027"},"modified":"2026-09-03T01:56:29","modified_gmt":"2026-09-03T01:56:29","slug":"giam-su-phu-thuoc-vao-phan-bon-hoa-hoc-chuyen-doi-tat-yeu-huong-toi-nen-nong-nghiep-ben-vung","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/crei.vnua.edu.vn\/?p=991027","title":{"rendered":"Gi\u1ea3m s\u1ef1 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc: Chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i t\u1ea5t y\u1ebfu h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1edbi n\u1ec1n n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng"},"content":{"rendered":"
rong s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n c\u00f3 vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu cho c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 duy tr\u00ec n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t, qua \u0111\u00f3 g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m an ninh l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng nhu c\u1ea7u ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng t\u0103ng c\u1ee7a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i. Nhi\u1ec1u nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u cho th\u1ea5y dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng t\u1eeb ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p kho\u1ea3ng 30\u201350% n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng, t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111ai, kh\u00ed h\u1eadu, lo\u1ea1i c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c canh t\u00e1c (Stewart et al., 2005). T\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam, l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u01b0\u1edbc kho\u1ea3ng 10 tri\u1ec7u t\u1ea5n m\u1ed7i n\u0103m, trong \u0111\u00f3 ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n v\u00f4 c\u01a1 v\u1eabn chi\u1ebfm t\u1ef7 tr\u1ecdng l\u1edbn, kho\u1ea3ng 75\u201380%. Nh\u1eefng con s\u1ed1 n\u00e0y cho th\u1ea5y ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc v\u1eabn gi\u1eef vai tr\u00f2 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ph\u1ee7 nh\u1eadn trong ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t trong vi\u1ec7c cung c\u1ea5p ch\u1ea5t dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng nhanh v\u00e0 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh cho c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng. Tuy nhi\u00ean, vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u00e2n ho\u00e1 h\u1ecdc v\u1edbi l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn v\u00e0 k\u00e9o d\u00e0i c\u0169ng \u0111\u1eb7t ra y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ea5p thi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn trong qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng.<\/p>\n

Ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n ho\u00e1 h\u1ecdc (ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n v\u00f4 c\u01a1) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t t\u1eeb c\u00e1c kho\u00e1ng ch\u1ea5t t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean ho\u1eb7c ho\u00e1 ch\u1ea5t t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p, c\u00f3 \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt l\u00e0 h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng cao, thu\u1eadn ti\u1ec7n trong v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng cung c\u1ea5p nhanh c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ea1m, l\u00e2n, kali v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 trung, vi l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cho c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng. Nh\u1edd nh\u1eefng \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y, ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p quan tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0o qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh th\u00e2m canh, n\u00e2ng cao n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng trong nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eadp k\u1ef7 qua. Tuy nhi\u00ean, th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t cho th\u1ea5y vi\u1ec7c l\u1ea1m d\u1ee5ng ho\u1eb7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n ch\u01b0a h\u1ee3p l\u00fd, m\u1ea5t c\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed1i, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 b\u00f3n ph\u00e2n h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc v\u1edbi li\u1ec1u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao h\u01a1n nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y, v\u1eabn di\u1ec5n ra \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u n\u01a1i. T\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng l\u00e0m gia t\u0103ng chi ph\u00ed s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t m\u00e0 c\u00f2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y suy gi\u1ea3m ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ea5t, \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m ngu\u1ed3n n\u01b0\u1edbc, ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3i kh\u00ed nh\u00e0 k\u00ednh v\u00e0 l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng. B\u1ed9 N\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n (nay l\u00e0 B\u1ed9 N\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 M\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng) c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ec9 r\u00f5 t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng l\u1ea1m d\u1ee5ng ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n v\u00f4 c\u01a1, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n l\u00e3ng ph\u00ed c\u00f2n x\u1ea3y ra \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, l\u00e0m t\u0103ng chi ph\u00ed s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, gi\u1ea3m s\u1ee9c c\u1ea1nh tranh c\u1ee7a n\u00f4ng s\u1ea3n, g\u00e2y \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 m\u1ea5t c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng h\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p. Khi l\u01b0\u1ee3ng dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cung c\u1ea5p v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng h\u1ea5p thu c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng gi\u1eef dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5t, ph\u1ea7n d\u01b0 th\u1eeba c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb r\u1eeda tr\u00f4i, c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh trong \u0111\u1ea5t, bay h\u01a1i ho\u1eb7c ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3i v\u00e0o kh\u00ed quy\u1ec3n. Duhan et al. (2017) \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh kho\u1ea3ng 40\u201370% l\u01b0\u1ee3ng N, 80\u201390% l\u01b0\u1ee3ng P v\u00e0 50\u201370% l\u01b0\u1ee3ng K t\u1eeb ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb th\u1ea5t tho\u00e1t ra m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng, t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111ai, kh\u00ed h\u1eadu v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd. Nh\u1eefng t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ed3ng ngh\u0129a v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n ph\u1ea3i b\u1ecf th\u00eam chi ph\u00ed cho l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n m\u00e0 c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng kh\u00f4ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, trong khi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ea1i ph\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfp nh\u1eadn ph\u1ea7n dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng d\u01b0 th\u1eeba.<\/p>\n

Nh\u1eefng h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf tr\u00ean cho th\u1ea5y b\u00e0i to\u00e1n c\u1ee7a n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p hi\u1ec7n nay kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01a1n thu\u1ea7n l\u00e0 \u201cb\u00f3n th\u00eam ph\u00e2n \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t\u201d, m\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i chuy\u1ec3n sang qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng. Gi\u1ea3m ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n v\u00f4 c\u01a1 v\u00ec th\u1ebf kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 ph\u1ee7 nh\u1eadn vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a ph\u00e2n v\u00f4 c\u01a1, c\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 thay th\u1ebf ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n ph\u00e2n v\u00f4 c\u01a1 b\u1eb1ng ph\u00e2n h\u1eefu c\u01a1 trong m\u1ecdi \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n. \u0110i\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft l\u00e0 chuy\u1ec3n t\u1eeb t\u01b0 duy \u201cph\u00e2n b\u00f3n c\u00e0ng nhi\u1ec1u, n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t c\u00e0ng cao\u201d sang t\u01b0 duy \u201ccung c\u1ea5p dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng \u0111\u00fang nhu c\u1ea7u, \u0111\u00fang th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u00e0 v\u1edbi hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t cao nh\u1ea5t\u201d. \u0110\u00e2y c\u0169ng l\u00e0 c\u01a1 s\u1edf \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y vi\u1ec7c k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p h\u1ee3p l\u00fd gi\u1eefa ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n v\u00f4 c\u01a1 v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n h\u1eefu c\u01a1 trong s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n

Ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n v\u00f4 c\u01a1 c\u00f3 \u01b0u th\u1ebf v\u1ec1 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng cung c\u1ea5p nhanh c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng \u1edf d\u1ea1ng d\u1ec5 h\u00f2a tan, gi\u00fap c\u00e2y \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi nhu c\u1ea7u dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng trong c\u00e1c giai \u0111o\u1ea1n sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng quan tr\u1ecdng. Trong khi \u0111\u00f3, ph\u00e2n h\u1eefu c\u01a1 th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng th\u1ea5p v\u00e0 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n kh\u00f4ng \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh, qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng ch\u1eadm h\u01a1n. Tuy nhi\u00ean, ph\u00e2n h\u1eefu c\u01a1 l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng \u01b0u th\u1ebf m\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u01a1n thu\u1ea7n ph\u00e2n v\u00f4 c\u01a1 kh\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay th\u1ebf. Ngo\u00e0i vi\u1ec7c cung c\u1ea5p nhi\u1ec1u ch\u1ea5t dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng \u0111a, trung v\u00e0 vi l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, ph\u00e2n h\u1eefu c\u01a1 c\u00f2n b\u1ed5 sung ch\u1ea5t h\u1eefu c\u01a1 cho \u0111\u1ea5t, c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t l\u00fd, h\u00f3a v\u00e0 sinh h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5t, t\u1ea1o m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i cho ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 vi sinh v\u1eadt \u0111\u1ea5t v\u00e0 g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n duy tr\u00ec ngu\u1ed3n dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng l\u00e2u d\u00e0i. V\u00ec v\u1eady, x\u00e9t tr\u00ean ph\u01b0\u01a1ng di\u1ec7n qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd \u0111\u1ea5t v\u00e0 dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3, ph\u00e2n h\u1eefu c\u01a1 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01a1n thu\u1ea7n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ngu\u1ed3n cung c\u1ea5p dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng m\u00e0 c\u00f2n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i v\u00e0 duy tr\u00ec s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe \u0111\u1ea5t. Vi\u1ec7c b\u1ed5 sung ch\u1ea5t h\u1eefu c\u01a1 c\u00f2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng gi\u1eef n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 gi\u1eef dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5t, th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh chuy\u1ec3n h\u00f3a v\u00e0 kho\u00e1ng h\u00f3a dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 n\u00e2ng cao kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng cung c\u1ea5p dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng cho c\u00e2y. \u1ede nh\u1eefng lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea5t c\u00f3 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed9c t\u00ednh Fe v\u00e0 Al, ch\u1ea5t h\u1eefu c\u01a1 c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ea5t l\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng. B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00f3, ph\u00e2n h\u1eefu c\u01a1 c\u00f2n t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng t\u00edch l\u0169y carbon h\u1eefu c\u01a1 trong \u0111\u1ea5t, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c n\u00e2ng cao ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ea5t v\u00e0 h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1edbi c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng canh t\u00e1c c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng gi\u1ea3m ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3i. Do \u0111\u00f3, k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p ph\u00e2n h\u1eefu c\u01a1 v\u1edbi ph\u00e2n v\u00f4 c\u01a1 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch h\u1ee3p l\u00fd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra s\u1ef1 b\u1ed5 tr\u1ee3 gi\u1eefa hai ngu\u1ed3n dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng: ph\u00e2n v\u00f4 c\u01a1 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng nhanh nhu c\u1ea7u tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eaft c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y, trong khi ph\u00e2n h\u1eefu c\u01a1 g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n duy tr\u00ec \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00ec v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng cung c\u1ea5p dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5t trong th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0i.<\/p>\n

V\u1ec1 b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t, c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng h\u1ea5p thu ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng th\u00f4ng qua r\u1ec5 d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng ion ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c d\u1ea1ng h\u00f2a tan th\u00edch h\u1ee3p trong dung d\u1ecbch \u0111\u1ea5t. V\u00ec v\u1eady, hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng lo\u1ea1i ph\u00e2n n\u00e0o m\u00e0 c\u00f2n ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i, kho\u00e1ng h\u00f3a, chuy\u1ec3n h\u00f3a, gi\u1eef l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng trong \u0111\u1ea5t. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 l\u00fd do t\u1ea1i sao vi\u1ec7c k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem x\u00e9t tr\u00ean c\u01a1 s\u1edf nhu c\u1ea7u dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y, \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ea5t, lo\u1ea1i ph\u00e2n h\u1eefu c\u01a1, \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n kh\u00ed h\u1eadu v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c canh t\u00e1c. Nhi\u1ec1u nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u cho th\u1ea5y vi\u1ec7c k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p ph\u00e2n h\u1eefu c\u01a1 v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n v\u00f4 c\u01a1 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t, t\u0103ng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng h\u1ea5p thu dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ea5t so v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ec9 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u01a1n l\u1ebb m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n. T\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 thay th\u1ebf ho\u1eb7c b\u00f3n k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p 25\u201330% ph\u00e2n h\u1eefu c\u01a1 v\u1edbi 70\u201375% ph\u00e2n v\u00f4 c\u01a1 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u cho m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u1ea1i c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng. Tuy nhi\u00ean, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 b\u00f3n k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p gi\u1eefa ph\u00e2n v\u00f4 c\u01a1 v\u00e0 h\u1eefu c\u01a1 c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 lo\u1ea1i c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 m\u1ecdi \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u1ea2nh th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m thay th\u1ebf m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n v\u00f4 c\u01a1 b\u1eb1ng ph\u00e2n h\u1eefu c\u01a1 tr\u00ean c\u00e2y di\u00eam m\u1ea1ch<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

\u0110\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng gi\u1ea3m ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t t\u1eeb y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t m\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 h\u00f3a trong ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam. Ng\u00e0y 07\/01\/2020, B\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edfng B\u1ed9 N\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n ban h\u00e0nh Ch\u1ec9 th\u1ecb s\u1ed1 117\/CT-BNN-BVTV v\u1ec1 t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n h\u1eefu c\u01a1, trong \u0111\u00f3 nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n h\u1eefu c\u01a1, t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng ngu\u1ed3n ph\u1ee5 ph\u1ea9m n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u h\u1eefu c\u01a1 s\u1eb5n c\u00f3, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1edbi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n c\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed1i, h\u1ee3p l\u00fd. Ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u00f3, ng\u00e0y 25\/01\/2022, B\u1ed9 N\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n ban h\u00e0nh Ch\u1ec9 th\u1ecb s\u1ed1 653\/CT-BNN-BVTV v\u1ec1 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m, c\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3. Ch\u1ec9 th\u1ecb ch\u1ec9 ra t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng l\u1ea1m d\u1ee5ng ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n v\u00f4 c\u01a1 v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n l\u00e3ng ph\u00ed v\u1eabn c\u00f2n x\u1ea3y ra, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi y\u00eau c\u1ea7u t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n h\u1eefu c\u01a1 v\u00e0 thay th\u1ebf ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n v\u00f4 c\u01a1 b\u1eb1ng ph\u00e2n h\u1eefu c\u01a1 theo t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u01b0\u1edbc chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u00e1ng ch\u00fa \u00fd t\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ec9 khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch ph\u00e2n h\u1eefu c\u01a1 sang \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng theo h\u01b0\u1edbng c\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed1i gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n. \u0110\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng n\u00e0y ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 h\u00f3a trong Quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ed1 5190\/Q\u0110-BNN-BVTV ng\u00e0y 07\/12\/2023 c\u1ee7a B\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edfng B\u1ed9 N\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c ph\u00ea duy\u1ec7t \u0110\u1ec1 \u00e1n ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n h\u1eefu c\u01a1 \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 2030, t\u1ea7m nh\u00ecn \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 2050. \u0110\u1ec1 \u00e1n x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n h\u1eefu c\u01a1 tr\u00ean n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng t\u1ed1i \u0111a ph\u1ee5 ph\u1ea9m n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111i t\u1ea5t y\u1ebfu nh\u1eb1m h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1edbi n\u1ec1n n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p sinh th\u00e1i, tu\u1ea7n ho\u00e0n, th\u00edch \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3i. \u0110\u1ebfn n\u0103m 2030, \u0110\u1ec1 \u00e1n \u0111\u1eb7t m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau n\u00e2ng t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n h\u1eefu c\u01a1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p l\u01b0u h\u00e0nh l\u00ean tr\u00ean 30% t\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n, n\u00e2ng c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n h\u1eefu c\u01a1 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c c\u01a1 s\u1edf \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n l\u00ean 5 tri\u1ec7u t\u1ea5n\/n\u0103m v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n h\u1eefu c\u01a1 c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u 30% t\u1ed5ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng. C\u00f9ng v\u1edbi \u0111\u00f3, Quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ed1 1748\/Q\u0110-TTg ng\u00e0y 30\/12\/2023 c\u1ee7a Th\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u1edbng Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 ph\u00ea duy\u1ec7t Chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n tr\u1ed3ng tr\u1ecdt \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 2030, t\u1ea7m nh\u00ecn \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 2050, x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ng\u00e0nh tr\u1ed3ng tr\u1ecdt theo h\u01b0\u1edbng xanh, h\u1eefu c\u01a1, tu\u1ea7n ho\u00e0n, \u0111a gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3i th\u1ea5p.<\/p>\n

Nh\u1eefng minh ch\u1ee9ng tr\u00ean cho th\u1ea5y gi\u1ea3m s\u1ef1 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n l\u00e0 c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t m\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p. T\u1eeb c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n, s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ebfn chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n to\u00e0n ng\u00e0nh, Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111ang t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t: s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u1eadt t\u01b0 n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m, c\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng ngu\u1ed3n ph\u00e2n h\u1eefu c\u01a1 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p sinh h\u1ecdc, tu\u1ea7n ho\u00e0n. Gi\u1ea3m s\u1ef1 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc v\u00ec th\u1ebf kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn mang t\u00ednh th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m, m\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t y\u00eau c\u1ea7u t\u1ea5t y\u1ebfu c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng theo h\u01b0\u1edbng xanh, tu\u1ea7n ho\u00e0n v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3i th\u1ea5p.<\/p>\n

T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tham kh\u1ea3o<\/strong><\/p>\n

Duhan, J. S., R. Kumar, N. Kumar, P. Kaur, K. Nehra, and S. Duhan. (2017). \u201cNanotechnology: The New Perspective in Precision Agriculture.\u201d Biotechnology Reports<\/p>\n

IFA (2019). \u201cIFASTAT.\u201d\u00a0https:\/\/www.ifastat.org\/databases\/plant-nutrition<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Nagpure, K. (2023). Organic fertilizers: Global markets. BCC Research LLC, Report No. FOD125A.<\/p>\n

Stewart, W. M., Dibb, D. W., Johnston, A. E., & Smyth, T. J. (2005). The contribution of commercial fertilizer nutrients to food production. Agronomy Journal, 97(1), 1\u20136.<\/p>\n

Nh\u00f3m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u m\u1ea1nh C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 canh t\u00e1c c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng<\/strong><\/div>\n

<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

rong s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n c\u00f3 vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu cho c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 duy tr\u00ec n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t, qua \u0111\u00f3 g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m an ninh l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng nhu c\u1ea7u ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng t\u0103ng c\u1ee7a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i….<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":991028,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[53,51,52,1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-991027","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-cac-nhom-nghien-cuu","category-khoa-hoc-cong-nghe","category-ptn-nang-luc-thiet-bi-nghien-cuu-du-an-va-de-tai-khcn","category-uncategorized"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/crei.vnua.edu.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/991027","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/crei.vnua.edu.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/crei.vnua.edu.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/crei.vnua.edu.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/crei.vnua.edu.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=991027"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/crei.vnua.edu.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/991027\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":991029,"href":"https:\/\/crei.vnua.edu.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/991027\/revisions\/991029"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/crei.vnua.edu.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/991028"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/crei.vnua.edu.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=991027"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/crei.vnua.edu.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=991027"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/crei.vnua.edu.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=991027"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}