{"id":990972,"date":"2026-07-23T07:30:28","date_gmt":"2026-07-23T07:30:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/crei.vnua.edu.vn\/?p=990972"},"modified":"2026-07-23T07:30:56","modified_gmt":"2026-07-23T07:30:56","slug":"nang-cao-chat-luong-cay-con-bang-viec-bo-sung-dau-neem-nhu-mot-phu-gia-huu-co-trong-nuoi-cay-in-vitro-chuoi-cavendish","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/crei.vnua.edu.vn\/?p=990972","title":{"rendered":"N\u00e2ng cao ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e2y con b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c b\u1ed5 sung d\u1ea7u neem nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ee5 gia h\u1eefu c\u01a1 trong nu\u00f4i c\u1ea5y in vitro chu\u1ed1i Cavendish"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Chu\u1ed1i – c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb kinh t\u1ebf v\u00e0 dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng quan tr\u1ecdng<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Chu\u1ed1i (Musa<\/em>\u00a0spp.) l\u00e0 c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb kinh t\u1ebf v\u00e0 dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng quan tr\u1ecdng, trong \u0111\u00f3 nh\u00f3m chu\u1ed1i Cavendish \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. Tuy nhi\u00ean, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p nh\u00e2n gi\u1ed1ng truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ed3i c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 nh\u00e2n th\u1ea5p, kh\u00f3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t ngu\u1ed3n b\u1ec7nh v\u00e0 ch\u01b0a \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng nhu c\u1ea7u c\u00e2y gi\u1ed1ng quy m\u00f4 l\u1edbn. C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 nu\u00f4i c\u1ea5y m\u00f4 cho ph\u00e9p s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t nhanh s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn c\u00e2y gi\u1ed1ng s\u1ea1ch b\u1ec7nh, \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec1u v\u00e0 c\u00f3 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao. Trong quy tr\u00ecnh vi nh\u00e2n gi\u1ed1ng, giai \u0111o\u1ea1n t\u1ea1o r\u1ec5 c\u00f3 vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n h\u00ecnh th\u00e1i, t\u00edch l\u0169y sinh kh\u1ed1i v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng th\u00edch nghi c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y khi chuy\u1ec3n ra v\u01b0\u1eddn \u01b0\u01a1m. V\u00ec v\u1eady, vi\u1ec7c b\u1ed5 sung c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t h\u1eefu c\u01a1 t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean v\u00e0o m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng nu\u00f4i c\u1ea5y \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quan t\u00e2m nh\u1eb1m n\u00e2ng cao ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e2y gi\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 nh\u00e2n gi\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n
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\u00a0D\u1ea7u Neem \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chi\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu t\u1eeb h\u1ea1t c\u00e2y neem<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

D\u1ea7u neem, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chi\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu t\u1eeb h\u1ea1t c\u00e2y neem (Azadirachta indica<\/em>), ch\u1ee9a nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t c\u00f3 ho\u1ea1t t\u00ednh sinh h\u1ecdc nh\u01b0 axit b\u00e9o, triterpenoid, sterol, phenol, flavonoid, vitamin v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t ch\u1ed1ng oxy h\u00f3a t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 d\u1ea7u neem \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi nh\u1eadn c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng k\u00edch th\u00edch sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng trong nu\u00f4i c\u1ea5y\u00a0in vitro<\/em>\u00a0c\u00e2y \u00f4 liu, \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ebfn qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u1ea1o r\u1ec5 v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e2y chu\u1ed1i nu\u00f4i c\u1ea5y m\u00f4 v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7. Do \u0111\u00f3, nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nh\u1eb1m \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1ea7u neem \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u1ea1o r\u1ec5, sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e2y chu\u1ed1i Cavendish trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n\u00a0in vitro<\/em>\u00a0v\u00e0 th\u00edch nghi ngo\u00e0i v\u01b0\u1eddn \u01b0\u01a1m.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c ch\u1ed3i chu\u1ed1i Cavendish \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec1u, cao kho\u1ea3ng 2 cm, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nu\u00f4i tr\u00ean m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ea1o r\u1ec5 MS b\u1ed5 sung 30 g\/L sucrose, 6 g\/L agar v\u00e0 d\u1ea7u neem \u1edf c\u00e1c n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 0; 0,25; 0,5; 1,0 v\u00e0 2,0 mL\/L. M\u1ed7i nghi\u1ec7m th\u1ee9c g\u1ed3m 90 ch\u1ed3i, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ed1 tr\u00ed v\u1edbi ba l\u1ea7n l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 nu\u00f4i \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 25 \u00b1 2\u00b0C, chu k\u1ef3 chi\u1ebfu s\u00e1ng 16 gi\u1edd\/ng\u00e0y. Sau b\u1ed1n tu\u1ea7n, c\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 ti\u00eau v\u1ec1 t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 t\u1ea1o r\u1ec5, chi\u1ec1u cao c\u00e2y, s\u1ed1 r\u1ec5, chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i r\u1ec5 v\u00e0 kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u01b0\u01a1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n
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\u00a0Tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e2y con nu\u00f4i c\u1ea5y trong \u1ed1ng nghi\u1ec7m \u1edf c\u00e1c nghi\u1ec7m th\u1ee9c d\u1ea7u neem (NO) kh\u00e1c nhau<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n\n\n\n\n
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\u00a0H\u00ecnh th\u00e1i c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y chu\u1ed1i con nu\u00f4i c\u1ea5y trong \u1ed1ng nghi\u1ec7m \u1edf giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ra r\u1ec5 (a) v\u00e0 giai \u0111o\u1ea1n c\u1ee9ng c\u00e1p (b) sau khi x\u1eed l\u00fd b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1ea7u neem (NO) kh\u00e1c nhau (T1: 0 mL\/L NO, T2: 0,25 mL\/L NO, T3: 0,5 mL\/L NO, T4: 1 mL\/L NO, T5: 2 mL\/L NO)<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 cho th\u1ea5y t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c nghi\u1ec7m th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 t\u1ea1o r\u1ec5 100%; tuy nhi\u00ean, n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1ea7u neem \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng r\u00f5 r\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ebfn sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng, s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 r\u1ec5 v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u00edch l\u0169y sinh kh\u1ed1i. M\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ed5 sung 0,5 mL\/L d\u1ea7u neem cho hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t, v\u1edbi chi\u1ec1u cao c\u00e2y \u0111\u1ea1t 7,20 cm, s\u1ed1 r\u1ec5 \u0111\u1ea1t 7,87 r\u1ec5\/c\u00e2y, chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i r\u1ec5 \u0111\u1ea1t 12,73 cm v\u00e0 kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u01b0\u01a1i \u0111\u1ea1t 1,25 \u00b1 0,02 g\/c\u00e2y, cao h\u01a1n c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a so v\u1edbi nghi\u1ec7m th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed1i ch\u1ee9ng. Nh\u00ecn chung, d\u1ea7u neem \u1edf n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 0,25\u20131,0 mL\/L c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng, k\u00e9o d\u00e0i r\u1ec5 v\u00e0 gia t\u0103ng sinh kh\u1ed1i. Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 2,0 mL\/L g\u00e2y \u1ee9c ch\u1ebf r\u00f5 r\u1ec7t, l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m chi\u1ec1u cao c\u00e2y, s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i r\u1ec5. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 cho th\u1ea5y t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a d\u1ea7u neem ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng; n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 th\u00edch h\u1ee3p c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng k\u00edch th\u00edch sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng, trong khi n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 qu\u00e1 cao c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y b\u1ea5t l\u1ee3i cho qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t sinh h\u00ecnh th\u00e1i c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y chu\u1ed1i\u00a0in vitro<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n
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\u00a0Tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e2y con t\u1eeb c\u00e1c nghi\u1ec7m th\u1ee9c d\u1ea7u neem kh\u00e1c nhau sau 4 tu\u1ea7n th\u00edch nghi<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Sau giai \u0111o\u1ea1n t\u1ea1o r\u1ec5, c\u00e2y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec3n sang gi\u00e1 th\u1ec3 g\u1ed3m x\u01a1 d\u1eeba, vermiculite v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea5t tr\u1ed3ng theo t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 1:1:1 \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00edch nghi trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n nh\u00e0 k\u00ednh. T\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ea1t 100% \u1edf t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c nghi\u1ec7m th\u1ee9c. Sau b\u1ed1n tu\u1ea7n, c\u00e2y c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c t\u1eeb m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ed5 sung 0,5 mL\/L d\u1ea7u neem ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t, v\u1edbi chi\u1ec1u cao \u0111\u1ea1t 9,47 cm, s\u1ed1 r\u1ec5 \u0111\u1ea1t 12,12 r\u1ec5\/c\u00e2y, chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i r\u1ec5 \u0111\u1ea1t 17,67 cm v\u00e0 kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u01b0\u01a1i \u0111\u1ea1t kho\u1ea3ng 1,77 g\/c\u00e2y. Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, c\u00e2y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o r\u1ec5 tr\u00ean m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ee9a 2,0 mL\/L d\u1ea7u neem ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng k\u00e9m, c\u00f3 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 sinh kh\u1ed1i th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n c\u00e1c nghi\u1ec7m th\u1ee9c c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n

T\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng k\u00edch th\u00edch sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a d\u1ea7u neem c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t ch\u1ed1ng oxy h\u00f3a nh\u01b0 phenol v\u00e0 flavonoid, gi\u00fap h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng do stress oxy h\u00f3a v\u00e0 n\u00e2ng cao s\u1ee9c s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y. B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00f3, vitamin, axit b\u00e9o v\u00e0 c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t ho\u1ea1t t\u00ednh sinh h\u1ecdc c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng cung c\u1ea5p dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng ho\u1eb7c t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ebfn ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a hormone n\u1ed9i sinh. Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf sinh l\u00fd v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u1eed li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a d\u1ea7u neem \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u1ea1o r\u1ec5 v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t sinh h\u00ecnh th\u00e1i v\u1eabn c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u s\u00e2u h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n

Nh\u00ecn chung, b\u1ed5 sung 0,5 mL\/L d\u1ea7u neem v\u00e0o m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ea1o r\u1ec5 gi\u00fap c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n chi\u1ec1u cao, s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 r\u1ec5, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u00edch l\u0169y sinh kh\u1ed1i v\u00e0 s\u1ee9c sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y chu\u1ed1i Cavendish trong c\u1ea3 giai \u0111o\u1ea1n\u00a0in vitro<\/em>\u00a0v\u00e0 th\u00edch nghi. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 m\u1edf ra ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng d\u1ea7u neem nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ee5 gia h\u1eefu c\u01a1 t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean nh\u1eb1m n\u00e2ng cao ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e2y gi\u1ed1ng trong quy tr\u00ecnh vi nh\u00e2n gi\u1ed1ng chu\u1ed1i v\u00e0 c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng kh\u00e1c. C\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u ti\u1ebfp theo c\u1ea7n l\u00e0m r\u00f5 c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng, \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 t\u00ednh \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh di truy\u1ec1n, hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 kinh t\u1ebf v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng d\u1ea7u neem trong s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00e2y gi\u1ed1ng quy m\u00f4 th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n

DOI: 10.7324\/JABB.2025.v13.i6.11<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

Theo \u0110inh Tr\u01b0\u1eddng S\u01a1n & cs (2025) t\u1eeb Journal of Applied Biology & Biotechnology<\/em><\/strong><\/div>\n

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Chu\u1ed1i – c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb kinh t\u1ebf v\u00e0 dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng quan tr\u1ecdng Chu\u1ed1i (Musa\u00a0spp.) l\u00e0 c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb kinh t\u1ebf v\u00e0 dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng quan tr\u1ecdng, trong \u0111\u00f3 nh\u00f3m chu\u1ed1i Cavendish \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. Tuy nhi\u00ean, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p nh\u00e2n gi\u1ed1ng truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ed3i…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":990973,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-990972","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-uncategorized"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/crei.vnua.edu.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/990972","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/crei.vnua.edu.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/crei.vnua.edu.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/crei.vnua.edu.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/crei.vnua.edu.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=990972"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/crei.vnua.edu.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/990972\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":990974,"href":"https:\/\/crei.vnua.edu.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/990972\/revisions\/990974"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/crei.vnua.edu.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/990973"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/crei.vnua.edu.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=990972"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/crei.vnua.edu.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=990972"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/crei.vnua.edu.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=990972"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}